Stomata‐Inspired Photomechanical Ion Nanochannels Modified by Azobenzene Composites

A low‐powered and highly selective photomechanical sensor system mimicking stomata in the epidermis of leaves harvested from nature is demonstrated. This device uses a light‐responsive composite consisting of 4‐amino‐1,1′‐azobenzene‐3,4′‐disulfonic acid monosodium salt (AZO) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) coated on a membrane with tens of nanometer‐size pores. The ionic current change through the pore channels as a function of pore size variation is then measured. The tran–cis isomerism of AZO–PDDA during light irradiation and the operation mechanism of photomechanical ion channel sensor are discussed and analyzed using UV–vis spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy analysis. It presents the discriminative current levels to the different light wavelengths. The response time of the photoreceptor is about 0.2 s and it consumes very low operating power (≈15 nW) at 0.1 V bias. In addition, it is found that the change of the pore diameter during the light irradiation is due to the photomechanical effect, which is capable of distinguishing light intensity and wavelength.     

On speeding up an asymptotic-analysis-based homogenisation scheme for designing gradient porous structured materials using a zoning strategy

Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization - Surrogate modeling is commonly used to replace expensive simulations of engineering problems. Kriging is a popular surrogate for deterministic...     

深部大采高工作面煤柱留设优化数值模拟研究

为缓解高产高效矿井采掘接续紧张局面，鄂尔多斯地区综采工作面多采用“两进一回”的巷道布置形式，辅运巷在回采结束后用作下一工作面的回风巷，两进风巷之间采用大煤柱护巷。但随着该地区采深600 m以上的深部矿井增多，冲击地压灾害问题逐渐显现，双巷大煤柱留设的弊端也暴露出来。针对此问题，以鄂尔多斯红庆河煤矿3^-1101大采高综采工作面为例，对不同宽度煤柱留设的应力分布规律进行建模研究，提出了合理的煤柱留设宽度，为鄂尔多斯地区类似条件矿井的安全高效开采提供参考依据。     

The Young Scientists Network: How the European Federation for Medicinal Chemistry (EFMC) Became Young Again

The European Federation for Medicinal Chemistry (EFMC) created the Young Scientists Network (YSN) to support early-career medicinal chemists and chemical biologists. By doing this, it addressed the rapid changes taking place in the scientific community and in our society, such as the rise of social media, the evolution of the gender balance in the scientific population, and educational needs. Creating the YSN was also a way to ensure that the next generation of scientists would contribute to shaping EFMC's strategy, while recognizing and addressing their needs. The YSN was set up as a very dynamic concept, and has now developed to the point where its impact is evident. The activities it promotes complement EFMC's community support and scientific opportunities, rejuvenating the Federation and preparing it for the future. It also provides opportunities for many brilliant young scientists, who do not hesitate to invest time and energy in supporting our community and shaping their own future.     

Tribological and corrosion behaviors of fluorocarbon coating reinforced with sodium iron titanate platelets and whiskers

A series of sodium iron titanate (NFTO)–fluorocarbon composite coatings have been prepared with the liquid-phase blending method. The effects of two types of NFTO, NFTO platelets, and NFTO whiskers, on the tribological and corrosion behaviors of the composite coatings, are systematically studied. The results show that the addition of NFTO can significantly enhance the friction-reducing and wear resistance performances of the fluorocarbon coating. Under dry sliding, the minimum specific wear rate is 1.67 × 10⁻⁴ mm³/Nm for the platelet-filled composite coatings and 1.15 × 10⁻⁴ mm³/Nm for the whisker-filled composite coatings, respectively, showing a decrease of 83.5 and 88.6% than that of pure coating. Under a simulated seawater environment, the minimum specific wear rate is 5.44 × 10⁻⁵ mm³/Nm for the platelet-filled composite coatings and 0.84 × 10⁻⁵ mm³/Nm for the whisker-filled composite coatings, respectively, showing a decrease of 90.5 and 98.5% than that of pure coating. The morphologies of worn surfaces, wear debris, and transfer films are analyzed, and the corresponding wear resistance mechanisms are discussed. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy certifies a remarkably improved corrosion resistance of the composite coatings which have been immersed in 3.5 wt % NaCl solution for 30 days. The composite coating reinforced with 7.5 wt % platelets shows the highest resistance of 256.3 × 10⁶ Ω·cm², approximately two orders of magnitude higher than that of pure coating. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48936.     

北方干鲜果害鼠绿色防控技术

文章介绍了北方干鲜果各种不同为害方式害鼠的相应的绿色防控技术,树根和树干害鼠中华鼢鼠、棕色田鼠宜采用银恒快速捕鼠器捕杀;果实害鼠岩松鼠、花鼠、北社鼠防治时等应采用坚果注射杀鼠剂精准灭鼠技术;果园地面害鼠大仓鼠、长尾仓鼠、黑线姬鼠等可采用TBS技术绿色防控;果实贮藏害鼠褐家鼠、黄胸鼠、小家鼠采用粘鼠板消灭。各类绿色灭鼠技术可为干鲜果害鼠的防控提供参考。     

基于多时间尺度和多源储能的综合能源系统能量协调优化调度

考虑源荷不确定性及储能设备配置对综合能源系统IES(integrated energy system)优化调度的影响,提出基于多时间尺度和多源储能的IES能量协调优化调度策略。该策略以系统运行经济最优、滚动控制时域内购能成本与储能惩罚成本之和最低以及设备输出功率调整量最小为目标,分别建立了日前、日内滚动和实时反馈3个时间尺度的优化调度模型。在日前考虑多种储能模式对IES经济性的影响;日内利用场景分析法描述滚动预测的不确定性来提高系统经济运行稳定性;再基于模型预测控制方法,构建日内与实时的反馈闭环优化,平抑由预测误差导致的系统功率波动。仿真结果表明:多源储能模式有助于提高IES的经济性;多时间尺度调度既可以保证IES运行的经济性,又能有效降低不确定性对系统实际运行的影响,减轻电网平抑功率波动负担。     

Healing Pattern Analysis for Dental Implants Using the Mechano-Regulatory Tissue Differentiation Model

(1) Background: Our aim is to reveal the influence of the geometry designs on biophysical stimuli and healing patterns. The design guidelines for dental implants can then be provided. (2) Methods: A two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element model was developed based on mechano-regulatory algorithm. The history of tissue differentiation around eight selected implants can be predicted. The performance of the implants was evaluated by bone area (BA), bone-implant contact (BIC); (3) Results: The predicted healing patterns have very good agreement with the experimental observation. Many features observed in literature, such as soft tissues covering on the bone-implant interface; crestal bone loss; the location of bone resorption bumps, were reproduced by the model and explained by analyzing the solid and fluid biophysical stimuli and (4) Conclusions: The results suggested the suitable depth, the steeper slope of the upper flanks, and flat roots of healing chambers can improve the bone ingrowth and osseointegration. The mechanism related to solid and fluid biophysical stimuli were revealed. In addition, the model developed here is efficient, accurate and ready to extend to any geometry of dental implants. It has potential to be used as a clinical application for instant prediction/evaluation of the performance of dental implants.     

UV/TiO_2光催化氧化工艺脱汞的试验研究

UV/TiO_2光催化技术在TiO_2催化剂的作用下可将烟气中Hg~0氧化脱除。利用自制的UV/TiO_2氧化试验台研究了影响Hg~0去除率的相关因素,结果表明,在无催化剂和有紫外灯情况下可脱除少量Hg~0;Hg~0去除率随催化剂活性组分含量的增加而上升,但上升速率逐渐下降;在温度(50～200)℃范围内,Hg~0去除率无明显变化;Hg~0去除率随着Hg~0初始浓度的升高逐渐下降;Hg~0去除率随着烟气中氧含量先上升后趋于不变。UV/TiO_2氧化工艺脱汞可为燃煤电厂烟气脱汞提供理论指导。